Fixed payment to an insurance pension: size, calculation rules, indexation

What is the basic part of the pension (who is entitled to it, composition and structure)?

The basic pension benefit is a certain amount that citizens receive regardless of the condition of assignment (by age, death of the breadwinner or disabled people).

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She is appointed according to Art. 16 of Law No. 400.

The exact amount is determined by the recipient's category, length of service and marital status.

The basic pension in 2020 is assigned to the following citizens:

• persons who want to retire due to age or length of service;
• upon the death of the breadwinner;
• disabled people;
• having dependents.

The amount of the fixed benefit varies for different recipients. For example, upon the death of the breadwinner, 50% of the basic amount is paid, and an additional payment is also due for each dependent.

Categories of pensioners

The purpose and calculation of a fixed payment depends on the cause of disability. Legislators distinguish several categories of pensioners. So who is entitled to a fixed payment to their insurance pension? It is guaranteed to be paid to persons:

• those who have lost their breadwinner;
• who have 25 years of experience (men) and 20 (women), at least 15 of which worked in the Far North, or in natural areas equivalent to them;
• become disabled;
• having orphan status;
• who have reached retirement age (for men this is 60, for women – 55 years).

What determines the size of the basic pension?

From 16 Law No. 400 establishes that the amount of the basic pension in 2019 is determined by:

• her appearance;
• disability group and other health restrictions;
• number of dependents;
• the age of the recipient (after 80 years, the benefit amount doubles);
• existing northern work experience;
• work in the agricultural industry.

The minimum amount is assigned to everyone except those who are entitled to survivor assistance (they receive 50%).

Maximum payments are provided to those over 80 years of age, persons with disabilities of the first group and residents of the northern regions.

What changed?

The concept of “labor pension” has ceased to exist. It consisted of a savings part and an insurance part. Now legislators have introduced two independent pensions: funded and insurance. Years of working activity are converted into pension points (in legal language - individual pension coefficient). Insurance premiums paid by employers to the Pension Fund of Russia are converted into these points.

Non-insurance periods also appeared as a norm. These included military service in the army, maternity leave, a period of caring for elderly people who have turned 80 years old, etc. For these periods, points are also awarded, which will be taken into account when assigning monetary support upon the onset of disability.

The fixed payment is regulated by Federal Law No. 400 “On Insurance Pensions,” which came into force two days before the new year 2013. It cancels the previously existing basic part of the pension, which was guaranteed as the minimum payment for the onset of incapacity for every citizen who retired due to age. The fixed payment in 2020 replaced the basic part, that is, the state refused to provide pension guarantees to citizens who did not earn them.

According to the law, you must earn a certain number of points during your working life. When calculating pensions, they are converted into rubles through the assigned value. And full-time experience does not always provide the amount of points required for pension provision.

Basic pension for disabled people in 2020

The size of the basic part of the pension in 2020 for persons with disabilities depends on the group of the recipient.

The minimum amount of assistance for disabled people is 9965.8 rubles, and if there are dependents, its amount is 11626.77-14948.71 (depending on the number of dependents).

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For disabled people of the first group with northern work experience, the amount will be 14848.71 . Persons who are unable to support themselves and take care of themselves are entitled to 21,622.98 rubles .

Insurance experience and features

The payment may depend on the length of insurance coverage.

The insurance period is the right to an insurance pension, the total continuation of a working period or other activity for which insurance contributions to the Pension Fund have already been paid. Experience represents work activity.

But there are some periods that are also counted towards the length of service:

1. being in military service both under contract and conscription;
2. receiving a social security payment. while on sick leave;
3. when caring for a baby up to 1.5 years old, with a total time expenditure of 6 years;
4. receipt of unemployment compensation, participation in public work, the period of moving or being registered with the Employment Center;
5. period of detention if the person is unjustifiably brought to criminal liability;
6. period of care for a parent or relative whose age is over 80;
7. when living together with a military spouse who is serving under a contract in another area, if there is no possibility of employment;
8. the period of residence abroad of spouses of specialists who are sent to a diplomatic mission or consulate;
9. other periods that are counted towards length of service in accordance with the Federal Law on Operational-Investigative Activities.

Basic pension in the Far North in 2020

According to Article 17 of Law No. 440, persons working in the northern regions receive increased fixed pension benefits if their length of service is confirmed by documents:

• 25(20) years of total experience (depending on gender);
• 15 years of work experience in the North.

In this case, the basic part of the pension in 2020 will be 7474.35 rubles . The supplement for a dependent will be 50% of the minimum amount.

If you have more than 20 years of work experience in the north, the benefit will be increased by 30%; such an increase will be assigned if there is a dependent.

Peculiarities

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The pension reform led to the fact that many even lawyers had quite a few questions for the government. Especially when it comes to old age pensions. At the moment, there is an insurance pension and a funded pension, which involves receiving additional payments to the initial capital. The main component here is the insurance pension.

The definition of this concept is described in Federal Law No. 400 of December 28, 2013. Insurance pension is a monthly salary compensation in connection with the onset of incapacity or disability. This includes payment for the loss of a breadwinner.

General rules state that an insurance pension may consist of several parts at once.

In particular:

1. insurance pension;
2. fixed surcharge.

A person is entitled to receive this payment if several conditions are met:

1. age limit;
2. length of service;
3. if there is an individual coefficient.

Current legislation also sets a minimum requirement for receiving pension benefits. In particular, the length of service in 2020 is 6 years. Now it will increase to 15 years. up to 2025.

Documents required to receive a basic pension

To apply for a fixed pension benefit, you must come to the Pension Fund with the following documentation:

• identification;
• documents confirming work experience;
• a document on disability and a certificate issued by a special medical commission;
• document on marriage and birth of children;
• documents: about the composition of the family, about the place of residence, about the amount of salary, about the absence of another pension.

Elena Smirnova

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Citizens receiving assistance for the loss of a breadwinner submit certificates that confirm their difficult financial situation and family connection with the deceased.

What is a fixed payment to an insurance pension?

The amount of the insurance pension consists of the values ​​of certain indicators, such as length of service and other periods taken into account when forming the old-age insurance payment), the number of accumulated individual points and their value, as well as a fixed payment.

When applying to the Pension Fund for an old-age benefit, each citizen, after calculating the accumulated pension points, is automatically accrued a material bonus, which is called a
fixed payment .

Conditions

Mandatory cash supplement to the insurance benefit is due to certain categories of citizens:

1. Persons who have reached the required age and fulfilled the appropriate conditions (required number of points, length of service). Applicable only for this material support (insurance pension).
2. People with disabilities. To receive the bonus, you will need any length of service (official employment), during which the employer made transfers to the Pension Fund.
3. Citizens who receive survivor benefits. The insurance experience of the deceased breadwinner allows dependent persons to receive an insurance pension.

To become a recipient of additional payments, certain conditions must be met :

• Submitting an application to the Pension Fund, as well as a full package of necessary documents (passport, pension certificate, certificate of pension accruals and income);
• Have the required amount of insurance experience;
• Reach the required age limit;

Receipt procedure

To receive a fixed bonus, the following procedure must be followed:

1. Submit an application to receive appropriate payments, the amount of which is regulated by law;
2. Provide the necessary documents that confirm membership in this category of citizens who have the right to receive an old-age pension (for disabled people - a document confirming the corresponding status);
3. Pension Fund employees calculate the amount of payments with all mandatory indicators included;
4. After summation, a pension supplement is calculated in the form of a fixed payment.

About calculation rules

The government itself carries out indexation of payments annually. The basis is the inflation rate in the country, as well as the level of income of the Pension Fund itself. This means that the state is guaranteed to carry out such increases.

Only payments for those persons whose insurance period remains short remain in the accounts of the Pension Fund. It is this part that is used to provide assistance to citizens of other categories. Or this amount is simply added to the base part.

The following will not be able to count on additional payments:

1. Pensioners who were former employees of services for executive punishments, drug trafficking, and fire safety. For these citizens, a different calculation system is generally used, even in the case of standard pensions.
2. Military. And those who receive compensation for long service. Their pension scheme also differs from the standard one.

Indexing

All types of insurance pensions include a fixed payment. For each category of pensioners, a certain amount is established. Every year the state indexes the fixed payment to the insurance pension, due to which the total amount increases.

The law provides for annual indexation of insurance pensions and fixed payments. They increase on February 1 by a specially calculated index of growth in prices for consumer goods in the previous year.

Piece wages

At first glance, piecework wages fully meet the interests of the employee and the employer. The amount of the former’s fee directly depends on the amount of work he performed, goods manufactured, and services provided. It would seem that everything is logical.

Indeed, the direct connection between the result of labor and the amount of remuneration is the main advantage of piecework wages. The employer's interests are successfully realized primarily because the employee himself is interested in increasing his productivity. This means that the manager can free himself from constant monitoring of the quality of work of his subordinates. After all, if one of them begins to work worse, then his earnings will naturally decrease, which shifts the risk of low productivity from the employer to the employee. And if we take as a basis the fact that every employee tries to earn more, then piecework pay looks like a driver of economic development.

In addition, this method of remuneration eliminates the problem of redistributing work within the team. If, for example, one of the employees gets sick or simply does not want to take on a certain job, then his responsibilities can easily be delegated to another, since the latter’s interest will be ensured by additional income. Any dissatisfaction among staff regarding the unfair distribution of remuneration within the company will also be nullified: those who work more receive more. And in this sense, piecework wages are an indicator of an employee’s talent, his ability to work and be useful.

Despite the fact that the productivity of piecework workers is, on average, higher than that of those who receive a salary, this method of calculating wages has been declining around the world since the middle of the last century. For example, in the USA in the period 1950–70. their share decreased from 70 to 30%, and in France since the early 60s. to our time - from 40 to 15%. The reason for this may lie in a number of disadvantages of piecework wages, which promise some problems for both workers and employers.

Problem one. It is worth considering that the result of one person’s work may depend on many factors beyond his control: the equipment of the workplace, the quality of the equipment, supply interruptions, weather conditions. The overall organization of work in the company is also important - how you manage to interact with colleagues, their efficiency and professionalism.

The attachment of private productivity to general productivity can discredit the very concept of individual initiative in order to increase one’s salary. Shifting production risk from the manager to the employee, which we talked about at the beginning, can lead to destructive autonomy of the work process. An employer may become less vigilant in an emergency situation, allowing the problem to take its course instead of addressing it.

Problem two. Not all aspects of work can be actually measured. How to analyze, for example, an employee's level of honesty, politeness, friendliness or loyalty to the company? By focusing on material results, the employee will strive to improve only those indicators on which his salary depends, completely ignoring other important factors of professionalism.

Problem three. A serious disadvantage of piecework wages for business owners is the risk of losing quality for the sake of quantity. This risk is associated with the fact that the employee, in pursuit of quantitative indicators of his work, will not fully pay due attention to the process of providing the service itself. As a result, quality control costs can offset the savings that piecework wages provide.

Problem four. The piecework system ties the employee to his individual performance, ignoring the work of the department or organization as a whole, which undermines collective motivation and group effectiveness. The employee’s sense of team affiliation weakens—he is less interested in the company’s success than in his own. Such an employee is not focused on results in the long term - all that matters to him is how much he earns now. Therefore, one of the consequences of piecework wages is high staff turnover.

Problem five. Excessive rush by workers to increase their productivity can lead to violations of safety standards, increased injuries, wear and tear on equipment, or unnecessary use of raw materials. Therefore, some companies require their employees to use their own equipment or tools in their work.

In connection with the listed shortcomings of the individual payroll system, in recent years the policy of group motivation with the establishment of a plan for the entire department or company has increasingly begun to be practiced. The remuneration of an individual employee under such a system depends on overall performance results. This allows each team member to integrate their interests into the interests of the entire team, tying their personal success to the success of the enterprise. True, there are certain problems here too. The main one is the emergence of “hack workers,” whose laziness and passivity at work is compensated by the diligence of others. Such problems are especially relevant for large companies, and therefore additional management tools are required to solve them.