Age, length of service, accrual rules: what has changed in the pension system in 2020?

Retirement age is legally called the number of years determined by the state, after which citizens of the country constitutionally receive the right to regular payments from the budget of the republic, called pension benefits.

Age pensions are financed by the republican budget. The government obliges employers and employees to pay contributions to the Social Security Fund throughout their careers. For hired workers this figure is 1% of their earnings, for managers - 28%.

At the beginning of April 2020, state leader A. Lukashenko signed a decree providing for an increase in the retirement age threshold by 6 months annually from 01/01/2017 to 01/01/2022. It follows that the age for receiving pension benefits will be 63 years for men and 58 for women.

It is important to know that the date of application to the regulatory agency also determines the date of enrollment in government support.

Table of access to Persia in the Republic of Belarus, women

Date of birth Date of retirement Retirement age, years01.01 - 30.06.196201.07 - 31.12.201755.501.07 - 31.12.196201.07 - 31.12.20185601.01 - 30.06.196301.07 - 31.12.201956.5 01.07 - 31.12.196301.07 - 31.12.20205701.01 - 30.06 .196401.07 - 12/31/202157,501.07 - 12/31/1964 and younger 01/07 - 12/31/202258

Conditions for assigning an old-age labor pension

Let's consider what conditions must be met to assign an old-age labor pension on a general basis, as well as on some preferential grounds that provide for retirement before reaching the generally established retirement age.

Conditions for assigning an old-age pension on a general basis

collectively have the following characteristics <*> have the right to an old-age retirement pension on a general basis :

— reaching the generally established retirement age. In 2019, this is 61 years 6 months for men and 56 years 6 months for women;

- having a certain work experience: for men - at least 25 years, for women - at least 20 years;

— presence of the required work experience with payment of insurance premiums (hereinafter referred to as the insurance period). In 2020, he must be at least 17 years old.

The conditions for providing an old-age pension on a general basis in 2019 and later are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Year of retirement	Men			Women			Minimum insurance period
	Date of Birth	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Date of Birth	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	1st half of 1958	61 years 6 months	25 years	1st half of 1963	56 years 6 months	20 years	17 years
2020	2nd half of 1958	62 years old	25 years	2nd half of 1963	57 years old	20 years	17 years 6 months
2021	1st half of 1959	62 years 6 months	25 years	1st half of 1964	57 years 6 months	20 years	18 years
2022	2nd half of 1959	63 years old	25 years	2nd half of 1964	58 years old	20 years	18 years 6 months
2023	1960	63 years old	25 years	1965	58 years old	20 years	19 years
2024	1961	63 years old	25 years	1966	58 years old	20 years	19 years 6 months
2025	1962	63 years old	25 years	1967	58 years old	20 years	20 years

Attention! Persons who have the necessary insurance experience, but do not have enough work experience to qualify for an old-age pension (see Table 1), are assigned an old-age pension with incomplete work experience. When assigning such pensions, preferential conditions for age and length of service for assigning pensions <*> are not applied.

Additionally, we note that persons who have reached the generally established retirement age, but do not have the required insurance period , also have the right to an old-age pension <*>. The conditions for its provision are given in Table 2.

table 2

Year of retirement	Men		Women		Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	61 years 6 months	40 years	56 years 6 months	35 years	10 years
2020	62 years old	40 years	57 years old	35 years	10 years
2021	62 years 6 months	40 years	57 years 6 months	35 years	10 years
2022	63 years old	40 years	58 years old	35 years	10 years

Attention! Persons who have completed military service (service in paramilitary organizations) also have the right to a pension with a “truncated” insurance period. They are granted a pension if the following conditions are simultaneously met <*>: - reaching the generally established retirement age; - having at least 10 years of insurance experience; - having at least 25 years of work experience for men and 20 years for women, including at least 10 calendar years of military service (services in paramilitary organizations).

Conditions for assigning an old-age pension for work with special working conditions to certain categories of workers

The right to an old-age pension for work with special working conditions, regardless of the place of last work, is granted to men and women who have in aggregate the following characteristics <*>:

— reaching a certain age (usually below the generally established retirement age);

— presence of general work experience and experience in certain types of work;

— availability of the necessary insurance experience. In 2020, he must be at least 17 years old.

Let's consider the conditions for providing an old-age pension for work with special working conditions for the following categories of workers <*>:

- those employed full-time in underground work, in work with particularly harmful and particularly difficult working conditions - according to list No. 1 and according to the results of certification of workplaces (Table 3);

- those employed full-time in other jobs with harmful and difficult working conditions - according to list No. 2 and according to the results of certification of workplaces (Table 4);

— female workers in textile production working on machines and machines, according to the list (Table 5);

— tractor drivers directly involved in the production of agricultural products on collective farms, state farms and other agricultural enterprises (Table 6);

— milkmaids (machine milking operators), calf sheds, pig operators on collective farms, state farms, and other agricultural enterprises (Table 7);

— drivers of urban passenger transport (buses, trolleybuses, trams) and individual suburban routes, whose working conditions are equivalent to urban transportation (Table 8).

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to workers employed full-time in underground work, in work with particularly harmful and particularly difficult working conditions :

Table 3

Year of retirement	Men			Women			Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience		Retirement age	Minimum work experience
		General	Of these, at the specified jobs		General	Of these, at the specified jobs
2019	51 years 6 months	20 years	10 years <*>	46 years 6 months	17 years	7 years 6 months <**>	17 years
2020	52 years old	20 years	10 years <*>	47 years old	17 years 6 months	7 years 6 months <**>	17 years 6 months
2021	52 years 6 months	20 years	10 years <*>	47 years 6 months	18 years	7 years 6 months <**>	18 years
2022	53 years old	20 years	10 years <*>	48 years old	18 years 6 months	7 years 6 months <**>	18 years 6 months
2023	53 years old	20 years	10 years <*>	48 years old	19 years	7 years 6 months <**>	19 years
2024	53 years old	20 years	10 years <*>	48 years old	19 years 6 months	7 years 6 months <**>	19 years 6 months
2025	53 years old	20 years	10 years <*>	48 years old	20 years	7 years 6 months <**>	20 years
——————————— <*> In this case, at least 5 years in the period before 01/01/2009. <**> In this case, at least 3 years 9 months in the period before 01/01/2019.

Attention! Pensions are assigned with a reduction in the generally established retirement age by 1 year <*>: - for men who have at least 5 years of work experience in especially harmful and especially difficult working conditions before 01/01/2009 - for each full year of such work, subject to the presence of total work experience at least 25 years old; - women who have at least 3 years 9 months of work experience in particularly harmful and particularly difficult working conditions before 01/01/2009 - for every 9 months of such work, provided they have at least 20 years of work experience.

Example

The man’s work experience is 33 years. Of these, the experience of working with especially harmful and especially difficult working conditions according to list No. 1 until 01/01/2009 is 8 years. In 2020, this man will turn 53 years 6 months old. He has the right to apply for an old-age pension for work with special working conditions, since the generally established retirement age, which in 2020 is 61 years 6 months, has been reduced for him by 8 years.

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to employees working full-time in other jobs with harmful and difficult working conditions :

Table 4

Year of retirement	Men			Women			Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience		Retirement age	Minimum work experience
		General	Of these, at the specified jobs		General	Of these, at the specified jobs
2019	56 years 6 months	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	51 years 6 months	20 years	10 years <**>	17 years
2020	57 years old	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	52 years old	20 years	10 years <**>	17 years 6 months
2021	57 years 6 months	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	52 years 6 months	20 years	10 years <**>	18 years
2022	58 years old	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	53 years old	20 years	10 years <**>	18 years 6 months
2023	58 years old	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	53 years old	20 years	10 years <**>	19 years
2024	58 years old	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	53 years old	20 years	10 years <**>	19 years 6 months
2025	58 years old	25 years	12 years 6 months <*>	53 years old	20 years	10 years <**>	20 years
——————————— <*> In this case, at least 6 years 3 months in the period before 01/01/2009. <**> In this case, at least 5 years in the period before 01/01/2009.

Attention! Pensions are assigned with a reduction in the generally established retirement age by 1 year <*>: - for men who have at least 6 years 3 months of work experience in hazardous and difficult working conditions before 01/01/2009 - for every 2 years 6 months of such work, subject to the presence of a general work experience of at least 25 years; - women who have at least 5 years of work experience in hazardous and difficult working conditions before 01/01/2009 - for every 2 years of such work, provided they have at least 20 years of work experience.

Example

The woman's work experience is 25 years. Of these, the experience of working with harmful and difficult working conditions according to list No. 2 until 01/01/2009 is 8 years. In 2019, this woman will turn 52 years 6 months old. She has the right to apply for an old-age pension for work with special working conditions, since the generally established retirement age, which in 2020 is 56 years 6 months, has been reduced for her by 4 years.

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to textile workers employed on machines and machines :

Table 5

Year of retirement	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Minimum insurance period
2019	51 years 6 months	20 years	17 years
2020	52 years old	20 years	17 years 6 months
2021	52 years 6 months	20 years	18 years
2022	53 years old	20 years	18 years 6 months
2023	53 years old	20 years	19 years
2024	53 years old	20 years	19 years 6 months
2025	53 years old	20 years	20 years

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to men who are tractor drivers directly employed in the production of agricultural products on collective farms, state farms and other agricultural enterprises :

Table 6

Year of retirement	Retirement age	Minimum work experience		Minimum insurance period
		General	Of these at the specified job
2019	56 years 6 months	25 years	20 years	17 years
2020	57 years old	25 years	20 years	17 years 6 months
2021	57 years 6 months	25 years	20 years	18 years
2022	58 years old	25 years	20 years	18 years 6 months
2023	58 years old	25 years	20 years	19 years
2024	58 years old	25 years	20 years	19 years 6 months
2025	58 years old	25 years	20 years	20 years

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to women working as milkmaids (machine milking operators), calf workers, pig operators on collective farms, state farms, and other agricultural enterprises :

Table 7

Year of retirement	Retirement age	Minimum length of service for the specified job	Minimum insurance period
2019	51 years 6 months	20 years <*>	17 years
2020	52 years old	20 years <*>	17 years 6 months
2021	52 years 6 months	20 years <*>	18 years
2022	53 years old	20 years <*>	18 years 6 months
2023	53 years old	20 years <*>	19 years
2024	53 years old	20 years <*>	19 years 6 months
2025	53 years old	20 years <*>	20 years
——————————— <*> Subject to compliance with established service standards.

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to drivers of urban passenger transport (buses, trolleybuses, trams) and certain suburban routes, in terms of working conditions equal to urban transportation :

Table 8

Year of retirement	Men			Women			Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience		Retirement age	Minimum work experience
		General	Of these, at the specified jobs		General	Of these, at the specified jobs
2019	56 years 6 months	25 years	20 years	51 years 6 months	20 years	15 years	17 years
2020	57 years old	25 years	20 years	52 years old	20 years	15 years	17 years 6 months
2021	57 years 6 months	25 years	20 years	52 years 6 months	20 years	15 years	18 years
2022	58 years old	25 years	20 years	53 years old	20 years	15 years	18 years 6 months
2023	58 years old	25 years	20 years	53 years old	20 years	15 years	19 years
2024	58 years old	25 years	20 years	53 years old	20 years	15 years	19 years 6 months
2025	58 years old	25 years	20 years	53 years old	20 years	15 years	20 years

Clue

Persons who have full experience in work with harmful and difficult working conditions, provided for by the previously valid lists No. 1 and No. 2, or in general in these works and work provided for, respectively, paragraphs “a” and “b” of Part 1 of Art. 12 of the Law on Pension Provision, pensions are assigned according to the provisions of the Law on Pension Provision. If persons have at least half of the work experience in the above-mentioned jobs, the generally established retirement age is reduced in proportion to the existing work experience in the manner specified in paragraphs “a” and “b” of Part 1 of Art. 12 of the Law on Pensions <*>.

Employees entitled to early professional retirement who, before 01/01/2009 have worked out at least half of the full length of work with special working conditions required for the assignment of an old-age pension for work with special working conditions in accordance with clauses “a” and “b” Part 1 Art. 12 or art. 15 of the Law on Pension Provision, instead of an early professional pension, old-age pensions are assigned for work with special working conditions in accordance with paragraphs “a” and “b” of Part 1 of Art. 12 or art. 15 of the Law on Pensions <*>.

The effect of this provision of Decree No. 441 does not apply to persons <*>:

- those who have completed less than half of the special length of service required to grant an old-age pension for work with special working conditions under paragraphs “a” and “b” of Art. 12 or art. 15 of the Law on Pensions;

- having special experience (regardless of its duration) for an old-age pension in accordance with other paragraphs of Art. 12 or art. 13, 15 of the Law on Pensions.

When determining the right of such persons to early retirement, the provisions of the Law on Professional Pension Insurance and the Law on Pension Security (in the absence of the right to early professional retirement) are applied.

Old-age pensions for work with special working conditions in accordance with paragraphs “c” - “h” of Part 1 of Art. 12 and art. 13 of the Law on Pension Provision are assigned to persons who are not entitled to early professional pension . When determining the right to an old-age pension for work with special working conditions, periods of work with special working conditions after 01/01/2009 are taken into account subject to the payment of contributions to professional pension insurance <*>.

Conditions for assigning old-age pensions to certain categories of persons on other preferential grounds

Let us consider the conditions for assigning an old-age pension on preferential terms to the following categories of persons <*>:

— mothers with many children (Table 9);

— parents of disabled children (disabled since childhood) (Table 10);

— disabled people since childhood (Table 11);

— liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster, citizens who fell ill and suffered radiation sickness, disabled people as a result of the Chernobyl disaster, and other radiation accidents (Tables 12 - 14).

Table 9 shows the conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to mothers of many children , which include women:

- who gave birth to 5 or more children and raised them until the age of 8 ;

fifth child has not reached the age of 8 by the age when they are entitled to retire on this basis .

Table 9

Year of retirement	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Minimum insurance period
2019	51 years 6 months	15 years	5 years
2020	52 years old	15 years	5 years
2021	52 years 6 months	15 years	5 years
2022	53 years old	15 years	5 years

Attention! Women who gave birth to 5 or more children and raised them until the age of 16 have the right to a pension regardless of age on the following conditions: - having at least 5 years ; - having at least 10 years of work experience on collective farms, state farms and others agricultural enterprises directly in the production of agricultural products (without counting child care time into work experience).

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to parents who raised disabled children (disabled since childhood) for at least 8 years before they came of age :

Table 10

Year of retirement	Men		Women		Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	56 years 6 months	25 years	51 years 6 months	20 years	5 years
2020	57 years old	25 years	52 years old	20 years	5 years
2021	57 years 6 months	25 years	52 years 6 months	20 years	5 years
2022	58 years old	25 years	53 years old	20 years	5 years

Note : Fathers have the right to the specified pension if the mother of a disabled child (disabled since childhood) did not use the right she acquired to the specified pension in one of the following cases <*>: - renounced this right in favor of the father; - in connection with her death.

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to persons disabled since childhood:

Table 11

Year of retirement	Men		Women		Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	56 years 6 months	25 years	51 years 6 months	20 years	5 years
2020	57 years old	25 years	52 years old	20 years	5 years
2021	57 years 6 months	25 years	52 years 6 months	20 years	5 years
2022	58 years old	25 years	53 years old	20 years	5 years

Conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster within a 10-kilometer zone in 1986 or at least 10 days in 1987:

Table 12

Year of retirement	Men		Women		Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	51 years 6 months	25 years	46 years 6 months	20 years	17 years
2020	52 years old	25 years	47 years old	20 years	17 years 6 months
2021	52 years 6 months	25 years	47 years 6 months	20 years	18 years
2022	53 years old	25 years	48 years old	20 years	18 years 6 months
2023	53 years old	25 years	48 years old	20 years	19 years
2024	53 years old	25 years	48 years old	20 years	19 years 6 months
2025	53 years old	25 years	48 years old	20 years	20 years

Table 13 shows the conditions for granting pensions in 2020 and later to liquidators :

— the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster in 1986-1987 within the evacuation (exclusion) zone (except for those employed in the 10-kilometer zone);

- other radiation accidents subject to the onset of disability , regardless of its cause (except for persons whose disability occurred as a result of illegal actions, due to alcohol, drug, toxic intoxication, self-harm).

Table 13

Year of retirement	Men		Women		Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	56 years 6 months	25 years	51 years 6 months	20 years	17 years
2020	57 years old	25 years	52 years old	20 years	17 years 6 months
2021	57 years 6 months	25 years	52 years 6 months	20 years	18 years
2022	58 years old	25 years	53 years old	20 years	18 years 6 months
2023	58 years old	25 years	53 years old	20 years	19 years
2024	58 years old	25 years	53 years old	20 years	19 years 6 months
2025	58 years old	25 years	53 years old	20 years	20 years

Conditions for granting pensions to citizens who fell ill and suffered radiation sickness , disabled people due to the Chernobyl disaster , and other radiation accidents :

Table 14

Year of retirement	Men		Women		Minimum insurance period
	Retirement age	Minimum work experience	Retirement age	Minimum work experience
2019	51 years 6 months	20 years	46 years 6 months	17 years	17 years
2020	52 years old	20 years	47 years old	17 years 6 months	17 years 6 months
2021	52 years 6 months	20 years	47 years 6 months	18 years	18 years
2022	53 years old	20 years	48 years old	18 years 6 months	18 years 6 months
2023	53 years old	20 years	48 years old	19 years	19 years
2024	53 years old	20 years	48 years old	19 years 6 months	19 years 6 months
2025	53 years old	20 years	48 years old	20 years	20 years

Note: The old-age pension is assigned for life, regardless of the state of working capacity <*>.

Table of access to Persia in the Republic of Belarus, men

Date of birth Date of retirement Retirement age, years01.01 - 30.06.195701.07 - 31.12.201750.501.07 - 31.12.195701.07 - 31.12.20186101.01 - 30.06.195801.07 - 31.12.201961.5 01.07 - 31.12.195801.07 - 31.12.20206201.01 - 30.06 .195901.07 - 12/31/202162,501.07 - 12/31/1959 and younger07/1 - 12/31/202263

For civil servants

In 2020, civil servants in the Republic of Belarus can leave their post and receive a preferential pension:

• at 50 years old - women;
• at 55 - men.

Until they reach the generally established retirement age for all ordinary citizens (55 and 60 years, respectively), they will be able to receive only half of the assigned payments. This restriction does not apply only to employees with disabilities of groups 1 and 2.

This category of working citizens will also be affected by the gradual increase in the retirement age - from the second part of 2022 they will receive preferential payments:

• from 53 years old - women;
• from 58 - men,

and they will be able to receive the full amount only upon achieving:

• men - 63 years old;
• women - 58.

Disabled citizens of the Republic of Belarus do not have the right to receive a labor pension; they are accrued only preferential payments.

When is it time to retire?

Born in:

• in the first half of 1962, women and the first half of 1957, men retired at 55.5 and 60.5 years, respectively;
• in the second half of 1962, women and the second half of 1957, men retired at 56 and 61 years old, respectively;
• in the first half of 1963, women and the first half of 1958, men retired at 56.5 and 61.5 years, respectively;
• in the second half of 1963, women and the second half of 1958, men retired at 57 and 62 years old, respectively;
• in the first half of 1964, women and the first half of 1959, men retired at 57.5 and 62.5 years, respectively;
• in the second half of 1964, women and the second half of 1959, men retired at 58 and 63 years old, respectively.

What is the minimum length of service required to retire?

The amount of payments upon retirement depends on the place and duration of work during which regulated contributions were transferred to the social security fund. When calculating the pension, the applicant’s age, date of application and his length of service are taken into account.

By 2020, you must work at least 17.5 years. They take into account the fact that specialists do not take into account when calculating pensions:

• military service;
• Holiday to care for the child;
• study.

Social pension is paid in the absence of minimum length of service upon reaching the following age:

• men – 65 years old;
• women – 60 years old.

Employees receive the opportunity to receive pension payments if they lose their job and have extensive work experience 12 months before they reach the agreed age.

The minimum period of working activity for the preferential category of citizens is gradually being increased by 3 years.

BBQcash experts recommend seeking advice from social security specialists. Special conditions for mothers of many children and disabled people require consideration of the exact date of receipt of the pension individually.

Retirement age in the world

In addition to the Republic of Belarus, the following states are planning to increase the pension threshold in the near future:

• Russian Federation, where raising the age for both sexes to 65 is being discussed;
• Kazakhstan, which plans to equalize the age for women with men (63 years) from 2020;
• the United States of America, where the threshold may increase from 65 to 69 years;
• Estonia, where in 2026 the age will be 65 for everyone.

The reason for the initiation of reforms for the countries of the former Soviet Union is considered to be the demographic crisis of the 1990s, which led to a decrease in the birth rate.

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Pension system in Belarus

Belarus inherited the pension system from the Soviet Union. Over the entire existence of Belarus, this system has remained virtually unchanged. It belongs to the solidarity type. Employed citizens and employers make contributions to the Social Security Fund (ordinary citizens contribute 1 percent of wages). Pension payments, benefits and other transfers are provided to residents of Belarus from the funds of the Federal Social Security Fund.

Attention! There is no funded pension provision in the country. However, Belarusians have the right to voluntary accumulation of funds, from which additional payments to pensions will be made in the future. Some insurance companies provide this opportunity.

Rules

How will tax rates for dog owners change in Belarus from January 1?

“We recently moved to Belarus from Russia and would like to get a large purebred dog. But we learned that taxes on dogs are changing next year. Will they become bigger or smaller? Ivan, Baranovichi.”

Yes, indeed, from January 1, 2020, tax rates for dog owners will change in Belarus. But this is more good news than bad. After all, they will no longer be tied to the size of pets. The new rules are contained in the Tax Code. In particular, Article 270 has been amended. As before, you will have to pay a tax for dogs from 3 months and older of no more than 0.3 of the base value (today equal to 21 Belarusian rubles). The exception is potentially dangerous breeds, for which they will take 1.5 of the base value. However, this does not mean that all dog owners will pay exactly this tax. Specific rates are set by local authorities. Minsk city and local Councils of Deputies have been given the right to reduce (but not more than half) tax rates for dog ownership. By the way, now in Baranovichi you have to pay 2.1 rubles per month for a dog up to 40 cm at the withers. For a dog measuring from 40 to 70 cm at the withers - 4.2 rubles per month. For a pet 70 centimeters or more at the withers - 10.5 rubles.