How to apply for disability: where to start, what documents are needed

Registration of disability is a rather lengthy and difficult process, since you will not only have to collect all the necessary documents, but also be able to defend your legal rights. Most likely, you will have to deal with the reluctance of medical workers to help in this difficult matter, but you should clearly understand that this is their direct responsibility. If your health requires it, then it is simply necessary to overcome all obstacles.

But before applying for disability, you will need to undergo a serious medical examination in order to confirm the diagnosis and prove that the disease really interferes with living and working fully.

Registration of disability will not only provide an opportunity for preferential medical care, but also additional funds in the form of a pension, which can be spent on the main goal - recovery!

How are disability groups assigned?

According to the law, a disabled person is a citizen with permanent health impairments. At the same time, the condition provokes restrictions in various areas, so that their owner often needs help with self-care, etc.

At the moment, a disabled person is assigned one of three groups, taking into account the complexity of the problem. But the status is established only within the framework of a medical examination (MEC), where doctors assess the degree of limitations of the person being examined, focusing on the gradation of development of the anomaly, study the documentation and make a final decision.

Table 1. Disability groups

If a disabled person is given group 2 or 3, he will need to undergo a commission and confirm the group every year. In group 1, you can be examined every few years. During the next health check, doctors leave the group, lower it, remove it, or give it indefinitely.

ITU commission for registration of disability

You can obtain the status of a disabled person on the basis of the Rules established by government decree number 95 in February 2006. Paragraph two of these Rules directly states that a citizen must first undergo a medical and social examination (MSE) - an MSE commission for registration of disability. Without the appropriate conclusion of medical specialists, you cannot count on state help.

Residents of Moscow, remembering the special federal status of their city, often do not know how to apply for disability in Moscow. Considering that the effect of the government decree of the Russian Federation is equivalent in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it should be noted that in the capital the procedure for registering disability occurs in strict accordance with the above document, as well as in other regions of Russia.

The basis for contacting a doctor is deterioration in health. A sick or injured person should visit his doctor, who will provide a referral to specialized specialists. They will record the results of the examination and examination in a separate report. Such a document has the right to be drawn up by both the attending physician and the group of doctors who observed the patient.

Particular attention is paid to the patient's condition. It is being determined whether he can live without outside help or continue working. In cases with children, their ability to learn, move independently and control their own behavior is determined.

Referrals for examination are given by the following government agencies:

• representatives of social protection authorities;
• branches of the Pension Fund (at the place of residence of the citizen affected by injury or illness);
• polyclinics (district or city).

This is also important to know:
How a citizen is recognized as incompetent

If you have become disabled due to the fault of a doctor, find out what punishment the doctor must bear for medical error according to the article of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

Features of the procedure

The legislation provides for both independent appeal of citizens to all necessary authorities, and through legal representatives who have all the powers to protect the interests of a sick person.

To obtain the status of a disabled person with the help of such a voluntary assistant, you must have the appropriate court decision in hand. It confirms the special condition of a person with disabilities and gives the representative the right to obtain a power of attorney at a notary’s office. A sample power of attorney can be found in this article.

To figure out how to register a disability, you must first clarify all the nuances of the procedure at the clinic or social service. Such consultation will help you avoid annoying mistakes.

What is the pension for disabled people in 2020?

Pension payments differ in amounts according to the assigned group, length of service and number of dependents and are subject to indexation simultaneously with other pensioners.

Table 2. Insurance pension for disabled people in 2020

Table 3. Social pension for disabled people in 2020

Important

! The indicated payments, which are relevant for disabled adults, do not take into account the regional coefficient.

In addition to the pension, disabled people are paid a special monthly allowance - EDV:

• for group 1 – RUB 3,896;
• for group 2 – 2,782 rubles;
• for group 3 – 2,227 rubles;
• for disabled children – 2,782 rubles.

Important

! Disabled children receive a pension from birth.

In general, all disabled people are entitled to a pension according to their status and degree of limitations (group); only for minors, payments and benefits are processed by their parents or guardians.

Deadlines for registration and assignment of pensions

A citizen’s application for the assignment of one type of disability pension or, in some cases, two pensions at the same time, in accordance with the requirements of the internal regulations of the Pension Fund of Russia, will have to be considered within 10 working days .

You can apply at any time, without any time restrictions, but it is better to do this within 12 months from the date of disability. If you apply later than this period, the pension will be assigned not from the moment the disability is established, but from the day the application is submitted to the Pension Fund.

If, when submitting an application, the Fund’s specialists require any additional documents, and they are presented to them within three months, then the period for applying for a pension will be calculated from the date of their submission.

Types of disability pensions

Now let’s look at the existing types of pension accruals and talk about their differences.

Disability insurance pension

This payment is guaranteed by the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities...” in the following cases:

— whether a citizen with disabilities has a work history;

— establishing a disability group based on the results of the ITU;

— receiving special status not because of harming oneself or committing an action punishable by law.

This payment is not available to persons who are not adults. Another feature: the labor (insurance) pension is paid regardless of the number of days worked by the disabled person for the entire time until his status is removed or he reaches retirement age.

The average labor pension in the country is 11,800 rubles.

Social disability pension

This type of accrual is provided to a person with a disability in the absence of any work experience. Social pensions are paid to people with disabilities since childhood and to minors with disabilities. The monthly amount is approximately 9,700 rubles throughout the country.

State disability pension

You can count on this payment:

— astronauts;

— employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations;

— military personnel;

— holders of state insignia;

— liquidators of man-made disasters.

Please note that limiting conditions (illness, injury, disfigurement) that led to the establishment of disability must be acquired during the performance of duties (service, etc.).

Currently, the state pension for military personnel reaches about 20,000 rubles, and liquidators of man-made accidents receive 13,000 rubles. In addition, the category under consideration includes disabled people from the Second World War, although they are separate from the above-mentioned beneficiaries. They are entitled to almost 25,000 rubles, and residents of besieged Leningrad - approximately 23,000 rubles.

Important

! According to the Pension Fund of Russia, almost 7,000 people simultaneously receive several types of pension payments - labor and social.

Registration of disability, where to start

How to apply for disability - where to start ? To begin considering this topic, you should understand what types of disability groups there are in Russia? You can apply for disability in four cases. You may be classified into one of three disability groups if you are an adult. The fourth group includes disabled children.

Disabled people of the first group need constant social assistance and protection. Their health is impaired due to persistent physical insufficiency. As a rule, their illness is pronounced.

Such a person is not able to take care of himself and is completely dependent on other people. He cannot move on his own and does this only with the help of loved ones. Cannot navigate in space, speak and control his own behavior.

Disabled people of the second group also have a pronounced disorder of the body with a persistent character. But these persons can apply for disability on their own. They can be independently maintained with the help of third parties or auxiliary means. In addition, they can move themselves using specialized medical equipment or the help of other people.

This is also important to know:
How a citizen is recognized as incompetent

But they cannot perform labor functions if the workplace is not specially equipped or there are no assistants. Such disabled people can receive education at home or in specialized institutions. With the help of other people, they can navigate in time and space, as well as communicate. Disabled people of the second group can control their behavior partially, and sometimes even fully, but with the help of third parties.

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• How is a citizen declared incompetent?

Disabled people of the third group receive their status after establishing persistent, but not pronounced disorders of body functions. With the help of auxiliary aids, they can take care of themselves independently. They also move independently, but intermittently and over short distances. Disabled people of the third group can study together with everyone else, in a general educational institution. But they will need a special regime, or help - be it colleagues in the class or some kind of auxiliary tools. They can also work, but in moderate mode. This group is oriented in time and space when using auxiliary drugs. These individuals communicate more slowly, do not absorb information as quickly, and respond.

A disabled child is a group of children characterized by impaired growth and development under the age of 18; these disorders are the reason why the child can no longer:

• take care of yourself;
• move;
• navigate;
• control your behavior;
• study;
• work in the future to the fullest, without the help of auxiliary drugs or loved ones.

It is worth noting that a person disabled since childhood is a different group. It is prescribed to persons over 18 years of age. The cause is a disorder acquired in childhood and resulting in limited physical capabilities in older age.

Additional benefits for people with disabilities

Beneficiaries can receive certain preferences provided by law, according to their group and some specific nuances. We reveal the main features below.

Benefits for group 3

In this case, you can take advantage of the following:

— discounts on medicines (for the unemployed);

— benefits when purchasing special shoes;

- free travel on public transport, as well as one free intercity travel.

Benefits for group 2

In this category, disabled people are provided free of charge:

— travel to the place of treatment;

— prosthetic arms or legs;

— vouchers for health improvement in sanatoriums;

- vital medications prescribed by a doctor.

In addition, if a group 2 beneficiary works, the law allows him to increase his vacation to 60 days a year and work fewer hours a week for the same salary as other employees.

Benefits for group 1

The first group, as the heaviest, gives the most advantages, namely:

— free dental prosthetics;

- prescription medications;

— vouchers for sanatorium-resort treatment;

— up to 50% discount on specialized equipment;

— free travel to the place of treatment and back (also for accompanying persons).

Important

! In some regions, from budget funds it is possible to reimburse expenses incurred when purchasing special devices, special furniture, etc. Parents or guardians caring for disabled children of school age are given compensation for the purchase of uniforms, school supplies, etc. (they are also entitled to benefits).

Documents for applying for a disability pension

In general, to the Pension Fund branch at the place of registration, a beneficiary who wishes to receive a pension must provide:

- passport;

- statement;

— SNILS;

— certificate of disability;

— work book (if available);

— documents allowing you to receive a state pension, etc.

The list may vary depending on the specific case. For example, WWII veterans are required to attach the appropriate identification. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the required package of papers in advance by checking the information directly with the Pension Fund.

The pension is assigned immediately on the day the application is submitted. In this case, the start date of payments will coincide with the date of disability determination. After the next examination, you will have to make payments again.

Important

! If a disabled person has limited mobility and cannot independently contact the Pension Fund, you can call a notary at your home to draw up a power of attorney for a third party who will act on behalf of the beneficiary.

The procedure for registering disability

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Where to start applying for disability:

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1. The medical institution where you were examined will issue a referral for MSE (medical and social examination). If you yourself request a referral and the doctor refuses you, he must also issue the corresponding document. Taking into account the procedure for registering disability, a certificate can be obtained from the social security authority. In this case, you must have medical documents with you that provide grounds for obtaining disability.
2. It is necessary to collect a package of documents. What documents are needed to register disability? If you are a citizen of the Russian Federation, then your package must include a passport (personal, diplomatic, official, etc.). If a child under 14 years of age was examined, a birth certificate is required. If you are a foreigner, you need a foreigner's passport. If you are a stateless person in the Russian Federation, you also need a document confirming your status.
3. Submitting an application for an ITU. It can be submitted electronically on the unified portal of public services. There is already a special form in the corresponding section.

This is also important to know:
How a citizen is recognized as incompetent

How to apply for a disability pension - step-by-step instructions

General instructions will help you get an idea of ​​the process discussed in this material.

Step 1

. Medical examination at the ITU bureau to determine disability. The medical commission assesses the degree of damage to the body, takes into account various criteria, aspects of the subject’s life, his remaining abilities, etc. However, a group will not be assigned if the required documents are not available or the person’s physical limitations are not sufficiently demonstrated.

Step 2

. Preparation of a power of attorney and its certification by a notary. This point is relevant for persons who cannot personally apply for the pension they are due. Another citizen will do this for them under a general power of attorney. It makes it possible to perform all necessary operations, while a one-time power of attorney must be made each time depending on the actions performed.

Step 3

. Providing a package of documents to the Pension Fund. Before this, it is better to find out in advance whether a particular beneficiary has the right to several payments at the same time in order to supplement the list of papers.

Important

! After the next examination at the ITU, the listed steps will have to be completed again.

When can you apply for early retirement?

As noted above, the right to retire before the end of the general period in the presence of medical factors is confirmed by a medical document.

Such a document is issued by a state health care institution that carries out medical and social examination of potential disabled people . The supporting document is called an act of medical and social examination, which states the decision to recognize a citizen as disabled.

List of diseases for disability

The list of various defects and diseases that constitute the basis for recognizing a person as disabled is approved by the Government and consists of 58 points. These points, in turn, are divided into categories; the table below shows only some types of diseases.

The table shows only those diseases that affect adult citizens. The list approved by the Government also establishes in which cases a minor is recognized as a disabled child.

In any case, the disability pension is paid for the period the citizen is recognized as such. This means that if it is necessary to re-pass the examination, the disability can be removed, and therefore the corresponding insurance payments from the state can be terminated.

How to calculate disability insurance pension?

Payments to disabled people are calculated using one of two formulas, in particular:

SV = P/(TxK), where SP is the insurance pension, P is the citizen’s savings, T is the period of survival (180 or 246), K is the length of service.

GP = SPxPS, where GP is state pension, SP is disability group benefit, PS is the percentage of bonus (up to 300%).

If the beneficiary does not agree with the final amount, you can check with Pension Fund employees what values ​​they used (but this is for those who are engaged in independent calculations despite the complexity of this process). If disagreements are not resolved, the citizen has the right to write a statement addressed to the head of the Pension Fund. The final authority to resolve the issue is the court, where it is important to provide evidence.

Pension calculation

If a citizen who has been assigned a disability group has at least one day of work experience, he is assigned an insurance pension, and its accrual, in turn, is carried out regardless of the causes of disability, in what period it occurred and whether the citizen continues to work.

This type of pension is accrued from the moment a citizen submits an application to receive it, which is reflected in the formula for its calculation.

If a person has no insurance experience at all, he will be assigned an early social pension

. It is calculated from the first day of the month the application is submitted.

Recalculation of pensions for disabled people

If a new group is assigned based on the commission’s conclusion, the Pension Fund must review the amount of the pension payment. Here the algorithm is as follows:

— collection of the previously mentioned papers;

— drawing up an application for recalculation of funds;

— transfer of documentation to Pension Fund employees.

Next, taking into account current circumstances, fund employees will make new accruals.

Important

! When changing region and place of residence after the ITU, the beneficiary is required to register with the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation at the place of registration. The basic part of the pension will remain and plus, allowances may be taken into account, if there are any in the subject (or there will not be any). The same applies to benefits - their list differs in the regions. Then new preferences are issued.

Receiving a funded pension after the death of a disabled person

The law allows a non-state pension fund to become a recipient of pension payments that remain after the death of a disabled citizen (if the beneficiary previously transferred the funds to a non-profit fund upon application). According to the procedure for entering into an inheritance defined by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, his heirs can dispose of the unpaid pension of a deceased disabled person after six months (during this time they must declare their rights to a notary).

In general, you will be able to receive money from a non-state pension fund by collecting documents:

— passport and application of the heir;

— confirmation of relationship (birth certificate, marriage certificate, etc.);

— SNILS of a disabled person;

— details for transferring the amount;

- a certificate from the guardianship confirming that the minor child refuses money (if any).

Important

! Each NPF has its own application form, so we advise you to take a sample from a specific fund.

What do you need to prepare?

What do you need to prepare for the procedure? Not many documents are required:

• general civil identity card;
• SNILS;
• statement;
• documents from ITU;
• papers confirming the duration of the insurance period;
• collective farmer's book;
• military ID;
• power of attorney (if required).

This is the main documentation package. However, each situation is individual and sometimes the regulatory authority may require additional paperwork, for example :

• certificate of family composition;
• employment contracts and civil contracts;
• income certificate;
• document confirming the presence of dependents;
• papers on change of surname and name;
• birth certificate.

Both the disabled citizen himself and his authorized representative can apply for registration. To do this, you will need to issue a power of attorney, specifying in detail the terms of reference and have it certified by a notary.

If all documents are in order and the application is written correctly, the request is accepted for consideration. Usually everything is resolved within ten days, less often – more (then the mentioned ten days are assigned from the day the required document is submitted, if the applicant forgot to attach any of the papers).

There are no duties or other financial costs for this . However, if you are going to submit an application not personally, but through a protégé, then you will have to spend money on the services of a notary to draw up a general power of attorney.

Payments will be made every month. Moreover, a citizen can, in accordance with his preferences, choose who will deliver his allowance. For example:

1. Post office;
2. bank;
3. cash desk of the delivery organization;
4. personally through a social worker.

Moreover, you can change the type of delivery person even later, after the benefit has been accrued. In order to choose or change the most convenient method of receiving cash, a citizen can write a special application for choosing a delivery method or use the Internet.

To do this, you need to visit the Pension Fund website and use your login and password to enter your personal account, where you can select the desired option.