Many pensioners have to be content with a pension that is less than the subsistence level. Taking into account the laws, in this case additional payments are due. Such additional payments will be discussed in this article. You will also find out whether a disabled citizen is entitled to an increase in payments after age 80.
Group I disabled status
Disability is assigned based on the decision of a medical and social examination. Such a decision is based on some serious illness, congenital pathology or injury that caused a serious health disorder. Depending on the severity of such a disorder, a person is assigned one of 3 disability groups.
The first disability group
is the most severe .
It is assigned to persons who have lost the ability to independently care for themselves at home, without the assistance of assistants. The procedure for assigning it and the benefits due to such citizens are prescribed in the following legislative regulations:
- Federal Law No. 181;
- Federal Law No. 166;
- Government Decree No. 95.
Elena Smirnova
Pension lawyer, ready to answer your questions.
Ask me a question
Due to severe impairment of health, disabled people of group I belong to the most vulnerable segments of society. Therefore, they are entitled to special protection from the state.
All measures provided to them conditionally divided into the following categories:
- Economic assistance. This includes tax preferences and pension benefits.
- Legal . Legislative protection of the rights of people with disabilities by government agencies.
- Medical . Ensures the right of a disabled person to be provided with the full amount of required medical care and means of social rehabilitation.
Is it possible to work?
In most cases, this form of disability implies serious impairments in which a person cannot care for himself and needs outside help.
Federal legislation does not provide for a ban on work for such citizens, however, the state provides them with pension payments.
Many of those with the first group of disabilities can work.
As an example, a citizen who has retained the ability for intellectual activity and has at least some functioning musculoskeletal system can work remotely from home, or in specialized rooms.
The choice of professions is quite wide - programmers, economists, copywriters, graphic designers, video editors, etc.
However, it is rare that an employer offers formal employment for people with disabilities, due to concerns about frequent sick leave and other expenses.
Today, at the Employment Center, employers can receive funds to create workplaces for people with disabilities of any group. The only rule is that the employer creates all the conditions required for work.
In some situations, confirmation of the first group is difficult, since it requires passing a strict expert medical commission.
Social benefits
Disabled people are entitled to the following social preferences :
- Quotas for budget-funded educational places in higher educational institutions;
- Implementation of the “accessible environment” program in the country;
- If a disabled person wishes to find a job, he is provided with all possible assistance in this;
- Free professional training and retraining;
- Free provision of an employee from the social support service.
The listed social measures can make the life of a person suffering from a serious health disorder less difficult and smooth out the feeling of isolation from the rest of society.
Tax benefits
Legislation provides people with group I disabilities with tax benefits. They are in the nature of full or partial exemption from certain types of tax.
Property tax
property taxation :
- Living space.
- Land plot.
- Country house.
- Garage and other outbuildings.
- Commercial real estate – retail, industrial, related to the service sector.
A group I disabled person is exempt from paying property tax on any of the listed objects, with the exception of commercial premises.
An exception was made to prevent the use of fraudulent schemes with fictitious registration of commercial enterprises for disabled people, with the aim of leading them into the tax shadow. When a disabled person is a co-owner of housing or land, the tax benefit applies only to his share.
Transport tax
Group I disabled people are exempt from paying tax on vehicles they own. The same preference applies to the transport used to transport it, even if the disabled person himself does not drive it.
When applying for an MTPL car insurance policy, disabled people are legally provided with a 50% discount on the current tariff. A prerequisite is that the car should not have a power exceeding 100 hp.
Land tax
The first disability group gives the right to exemption from land tax . It applies to plots owned by the beneficiary and not exceeding 6 acres in size.
When the size of the land plot is greater than the established limit, the excess is taxed on a general basis.
Personal income tax benefits
Personal income tax is collected from all income received by citizens of the Russian Federation in the form of salaries, gifts, dividends, and from other financial sources. Its value is 13% of the amount received by a person.
Disabled people are no exception in this sense, and are also required to pay income tax. But for them the NKRF makes a number of exceptions.
Thus, the following income and things received as a gift are not subject to taxation
- Pension payments and benefits;
- Help from the employer, both material and monetary;
- One-time social payments;
- Funds received as a gift from charitable non-profit foundations;
- Vouchers to sanatoriums and health centers provided at a reduced price;
- Devices and equipment received as a gift intended for the social rehabilitation of a disabled person.
Payment calculation example
To understand the principles of assigning a particular pension amount, an example should be given:
Citizen Petrov received Group I disability. Before this, he worked and, accordingly, has the right to an insurance pension.
The volume of his pension rights is 30 points. The cost of 1 point in 2020 is 93 rubles. The fixed payment for disabled people of the first group is 11,372.5 rubles in 2020.
Thus:
93*30+11372,50 = 14162,5.
14162.5 rubles – Petrov’s pension without allowances.
However, citizen Petrov has a dependent minor. Respectively:
11372,5/3 = 3790,83.
3790.83 rubles – allowance for a dependent.
Further:
14162,50+3790,83= 17953,33.
Thus, the size of Petrov’s disability pension will be 17,953.33 rubles, taking into account allowances.
Medical benefits
Medical benefits for disabled people of group I in Russia include :
- Service in medical institutions is out of priority.
- For disabled people who are deprived of the ability to move, the doctor is obliged to independently arrive at home when called.
- Travel to the place of treatment or rehabilitation is paid from budget funds.
Reimbursement of expenses for spa treatment
To undergo rehabilitation procedures in a sanatorium, persons with disability group I are entitled to free vouchers .
After this period, if there are further medical indications, they retain this privilege in the general set of social benefits. The costs of sanatorium-resort treatment are covered in this case from the federal budget.
Reimbursement of expenses for the purchase of drugs and prosthetics
Benefits for disabled people of group I provide for the free provision of medicines . This rule applies only to medications prescribed by a physician.
Another mandatory condition is that the medicine must be included in the list approved by government decree.
If a prescription drug is not on this list, then a disabled person has the right to receive a 50% discount when purchasing it. When purchasing prosthetics on their own, a disabled person can also count on a 50% discount on the cost.
Obtaining rehabilitation means
An integral part of the social rehabilitation of disabled people are technical devices and devices that increase their mobility and enable them to perform simple actions.
Disabled people of the first group who require the use of such devices to compensate for lost motor abilities can receive them free of charge.
Rehabilitation means include :
- Wheelchair, with mechanical or electric drive;
- Disabled cane;
- Crutches.
Approximate list of diseases for obtaining 1st disability group
As such, there is no list of diseases based on the presence of which disability is assigned, but it is possible to identify the main diseases and pathologies when people who have them received group 1 disability.
Pathologies that will allow you to obtain this group should cause deviations from the norm in the level of vital activity from 90 to 100%. That is, a person, as a rule, cannot exist without the help of an outsider.
An approximate list of diseases is as follows:
- dementia resulting from epilepsy, schizophrenia;
- oligophrenia;
- amputation of 3 or 4 fingers along with the first on both hands, for medical reasons or in case of injury;
- amputation of legs above 1/3 of the thigh;
- serious kidney disease causing chronic renal failure;
- irreversible blindness in both eyes;
- metastatic cancer tumors;
- amputation of both arms at shoulder level;
- irreversible serious disorders of the central nervous system;
- vegetative state after stroke;
- paralysis of the musculoskeletal system;
- congenital absence of certain organs;
- diseases of the circulatory system that have caused serious disruptions in the functioning of the body in the absence of treatment effect.
A complete lack of opportunity to study and work, to be responsible for one’s actions and to take care of oneself are the main criteria for being assigned a disability.
Housing benefits
Persons with disability group I who do not have a personal home, or when it does not meet the required level of safety according to construction or sanitary standards, have the right to count on the assistance of government bodies.
Improving living conditions
A number of disabled people are entitled to housing from the municipal fund on a social rental basis.
This opportunity is available to disabled people of group I, subject to the following conditions :
- The apartment is not designed to accommodate a person with this disability group. For example, there is no elevator in the entrance, and a wheelchair cannot pass through the doorways.
- The home is located in an area that is unfavorable from an environmental point of view.
- The apartment does not meet sanitary and hygienic standards.
- Several other families live in the apartment together with a group I disabled person (communal housing).
- A disabled person does not own a home, but rents it on a commercial basis from another citizen.
Benefits for paying for housing and communal services
Disabled people of the first group are entitled to a 50% discount on utility bills. This is a significant measure of financial support, given the constantly growing housing and communal services tariffs.
Benefits for disabled people of group I for utilities cover :
- Water supply;
- Sewerage;
- Electricity supply;
- Heating;
- Gas supply;
- Solid waste removal;
- Overhaul of the building.
Education and employment
Among the educational privileges it should be noted:
- Opportunity to obtain higher education free of charge.
- Enrollment in an educational institution in a budget department based on a quota, outside the general competition.
- Awarding an increased scholarship.
- Providing educational material in a form accessible to people with disabilities - remote learning, use of Braille, and so on.
Elena Smirnova
Pension lawyer, ready to answer your questions.
Ask me a question
A disabled person who is fully capable has the right to be employed at his own request. To do this, employment services select an organization for him with working conditions that meet the nature of his illness. He is hired under a quota system, without a probationary period.
The length of the working week for a disabled person of the first group cannot exceed 35 hours. The next paid vacation for him is at least 90 days annually.
Providing benefits for bedridden disabled people
Disabled people who are unable to move independently are entitled to additional privileges from the state.
Providing a nurse
Providing a free nurse is possible if he does not have relatives capable of providing care. Care services are provided by a local social support worker.
Means of technical rehabilitation
Obtaining technical rehabilitation means. This list includes more than two hundred different devices , ranging from special prostheses to software.
Is a pensioner entitled to a supplement after 80 years of age?
In the Russian Federation, pension provision is determined by Federal Law No. 165. When a citizen reaches the retirement age of eighty years, this becomes the reason to apply the basic fixed amount of a certain payment in an increased form to the insurance portion of the labor pension - 6,500 rubles.
In addition, according to Decree No. 342 on the payment of monthly compensation to able-bodied non-working citizens who care for disabled people of the first group, or care for elderly people, as well as for those who are over 80 years old, compensation is issued (details about who and how much a pension is paid to care for a disabled person of group 1, we talked about here).
Is a supplement entitled to a disabled citizen after 80 years of age? Based on this, according to current legislation, a disabled person of the first category who has reached eighty years of age is not entitled to an increase in pension.
Benefits for persons caring for disabled people of the first group
Caring for a person with severe dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system or other serious health problems takes a lot of time and effort. To encourage citizens to take on this burden, the state has adopted a number of social measures.
These include:
- Tax preferences. Exemption from transport, property and land taxes;
- Free travel on intracity transport, except taxis;
- 50% discount on payment for housing and communal services and landline telephone.
When a disabled person travels to a sanatorium, the accompanying person receives a travel ticket, a place to stay in a medical institution and food at the expense of the state budget.
FAQ
Question No. 1.
What other additional documents may be required to calculate additional payments?
Answer. Among such documents are:
- information on average wages for 5 years of work until December 31, 2001;
- documents for dependents;
- information about place of residence;
- documents confirming the change of full name.
Question No. 2.
What factors influence the payment of benefits?
Answer. Some of these factors include:
- the amount of social benefits;
- territory of residence;
- presence of dependents.
Question No. 3.
What documents must be submitted to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation to receive compensation payments to a carer?
Answer: Among the documents are:
- passport;
- work book (if you have one);
- certificate from the labor exchange;
- a certificate from the territorial department of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and non-assignment of pensions and other social benefits.
